What did painters do to make their works seem extremely real?

Painters have used a variety of techniques to make their works seem extremely realistic. One such technique is the use of perspective, which involves creating the illusion of depth and distance in a two-dimensional image. Another technique is the use of light and shadow to create the appearance of three-dimensional form. Painters have also used techniques such as color mixing, texture, and brushwork to create the illusion of reality in their works. Additionally, some painters have used tricks of the eye, such as trompe l'oeil, to create the illusion of objects or scenes that appear to leap out of the canvas